{"id":14194,"date":"2024-11-01T09:01:20","date_gmt":"2024-11-01T09:01:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/?p=14194"},"modified":"2026-05-23T06:21:21","modified_gmt":"2026-05-23T06:21:21","slug":"types-of-threads","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/fr\/types-de-fils\/","title":{"rendered":"Types de filetages\u00a0: Guide complet des profils, des normes et des applications"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"v\u00e9rifier<\/p>\n

Have you ever found yourself wondering why a nut is not fitting into the bolt? What does\u00a0that spiral pattern on the\u00a0bolt mean? Threads are the unsung heroes of engineering, connecting, holding, and keeping the world moving around. It’s all about the components that hold everything from handheld drills to Wartsila Marine Engines. In this article guide, you will learn all about types of threads.<\/span><\/p>\n

Comment identifier et classer les fils de discussion<\/span><\/h2>\n

Identifying and classifying threads is tricky because there are many profiles, pitches, and standards to consider. But here\u2019s a straightforward way to do it. You can start by examining the thread profile. The profiles are usually “V” shaped, square, or other designs that you can learn in the\u00a0coming section.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ensuite, vous pouvez d\u00e9terminer le sens du filetage. La plupart des filetages sont \u00e0 droite (se vissent dans le sens horaire), mais on utilise des filetages \u00e0 gauche lorsque les filetages \u00e0 droite risquent de se desserrer dans certaines conditions. Une fois ces informations en main, l'\u00e9tape suivante consiste \u00e0 v\u00e9rifier le pas, c'est-\u00e0-dire la distance entre chaque cr\u00eate. Cela permet de diff\u00e9rencier les filetages de m\u00eame diam\u00e8tre. Enfin, mesurez le diam\u00e8tre pour d\u00e9terminer s'il s'agit d'un filetage int\u00e9rieur ou ext\u00e9rieur. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 toutes ces informations, vous pouvez identifier le type de filetage\u00a0: simple ou multiple, et vous pourrez d\u00e9terminer la norme \u00e0 laquelle il se conforme, comme le syst\u00e8me m\u00e9trique (ISO), la norme britannique (BS) ou autre.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aper\u00e7u des types de filetage les plus courants<\/span><\/h2>\n

La connaissance des sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s de chaque type de filetage permet d'optimiser les services, l'installation et les d\u00e9cisions d'ing\u00e9nierie. Elle garantit \u00e0 la fois fonctionnalit\u00e9 et fiabilit\u00e9. Vous trouverez ci-dessous les types de filetages utilis\u00e9s dans l'industrie et l'installation de machines hydrauliques.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

\"filetage<\/span><\/h2>\n

Filetages \u00e0 droite<\/span><\/h3>\n

Les filetages \u00e0 droite sont les plus courants pour la fixation et sont con\u00e7us pour se serrer dans le sens horaire, ce qui les rend intuitifs pour la plupart des gens. <\/span><\/p>\n

Filetage \u00e0 gauche<\/span><\/h3>\n

Les filetages \u00e0 gauche sont utilis\u00e9s lorsqu'un filetage \u00e0 droite risque de se desserrer sous l'effet du mouvement ou de la charge. Ces filetages se serrent dans le sens antihoraire, contrairement \u00e0 la plupart des fixations standard, ce qui les rend utiles lorsque des forces de rotation pourraient d\u00e9visser un filetage \u00e0 droite.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

On les trouve couramment dans les machines rotatives ou les pi\u00e8ces soumises \u00e0 des charges inverses, car cela emp\u00eache tout desserrage accidentel. Par exemple, elles sont souvent utilis\u00e9es sur les p\u00e9dales de v\u00e9lo pour \u00e9viter que la rotation ne desserre accidentellement le filetage.<\/span><\/p>\n

Types de filetages en fonction des profils et des formes<\/span><\/h2>\n

Le profil du filetage joue un r\u00f4le d\u00e9terminant dans sa r\u00e9sistance et sa fonctionnalit\u00e9. Chaque profil r\u00e9pond \u00e0 des besoins sp\u00e9cifiques, et le choix du profil appropri\u00e9 d\u00e9pend fortement des exigences de l'application. Choisir le bon profil de filetage garantit des performances optimales, offrant r\u00e9sistance, pr\u00e9cision ou flexibilit\u00e9 selon les besoins.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Type de fil<\/b><\/td>\nProfil du fil de discussion<\/b><\/td>\nDimensions<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Filetages \u00e0 droite<\/span><\/td>\nrainure h\u00e9lico\u00efdale<\/span><\/td>\nSerrer dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Filetages \u00e0 gauche<\/span><\/td>\nrainure h\u00e9lico\u00efdale<\/span><\/td>\nSe serre dans le sens antihoraire<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Filetages \u00e0 d\u00e9marrage unique<\/span><\/td>\nh\u00e9lice simple<\/span><\/td>\nUn sillon par hauteur<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sujets \u00e0 d\u00e9marrage multiple<\/span><\/td>\nh\u00e9lices multiples<\/span><\/td>\nRainures multiples pour un mouvement plus rapide<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
“V” Shape Threads<\/span><\/td>\nProfil en V<\/span><\/td>\nhauteur standardis\u00e9e<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fils carr\u00e9s<\/span><\/td>\nProfil carr\u00e9<\/span><\/td>\nFaible friction, capacit\u00e9 de charge \u00e9lev\u00e9e<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Filetage Acme<\/span><\/td>\nProfil angulaire<\/span><\/td>\nFacile \u00e0 fabriquer, pr\u00e9cision mod\u00e9r\u00e9e<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Filetages des articulations<\/span><\/td>\nProfil arrondi<\/span><\/td>\nConvient pour l'usure<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fils de contrefort<\/span><\/td>\nProfil asym\u00e9trique<\/span><\/td>\nForce axiale \u00e9lev\u00e9e, unidirectionnelle<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Filetages coniques<\/span><\/td>\nProfil conique<\/span><\/td>\nJoint \u00e9tanche, haute pression<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fils de ver<\/span><\/td>\nStructure h\u00e9lico\u00efdale<\/span><\/td>\nConvertit le mouvement de rotation en mouvement lin\u00e9aire<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\"types“V” shape threads<\/span><\/h3>\n

“V” shape threads are the most common type, known for their good strength and sealing properties. These threads are typically used for general fastening because they provide a reliable balance of strength and ease of manufacturing. The “V” profile helps maintain tightness under various conditions, which makes it a versatile choice.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

You’ll see these threads everywhere, from small hydraulic machines to heavy-duty industrial bolts, because of their adaptability and reliable performance.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fils carr\u00e9s<\/span><\/h3>\n

Les filetages carr\u00e9s sont con\u00e7us pour la transmission de puissance et sont couramment utilis\u00e9s dans les vis-m\u00e8res o\u00f9 un faible frottement est requis. Leur forme permet un mouvement efficace avec une usure minimale, ce qui les rend id\u00e9aux pour les applications impliquant des charges importantes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Les faces planes du filetage carr\u00e9 contribuent \u00e0 r\u00e9duire le glissement sous contrainte, assurant ainsi une performance fiable dans les machines de pr\u00e9cision. On retrouve fr\u00e9quemment ce type de filetage dans des syst\u00e8mes tels que les actionneurs lin\u00e9aires, o\u00f9 une force r\u00e9guli\u00e8re et constante est indispensable.<\/span><\/p>\n

Filetage Acme<\/span><\/h3>\n

Les filetages trap\u00e9zo\u00efdaux sont similaires aux filetages carr\u00e9s, mais leur profil l\u00e9g\u00e8rement angulaire facilite leur fabrication. Ils sont fr\u00e9quemment utilis\u00e9s dans des applications telles que les \u00e9taux, les crics et autres outils n\u00e9cessitant \u00e0 la fois robustesse et fluidit\u00e9 de mouvement.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Les c\u00f4t\u00e9s biseaut\u00e9s des filetages Acme leur conf\u00e8rent une plus grande robustesse sous charge que les filetages carr\u00e9s, tout en maintenant un frottement relativement faible. Cet \u00e9quilibre de caract\u00e9ristiques en fait un choix populaire pour les syst\u00e8mes m\u00e9caniques exigeant une pr\u00e9cision et une fiabilit\u00e9 mod\u00e9r\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p>\n

Filetages des articulations<\/span><\/h3>\n

Les filetages \u00e0 profil arrondi se caract\u00e9risent par des cr\u00eates et des fonds arrondis, ce qui les rend adapt\u00e9s aux applications soumises \u00e0 une usure fr\u00e9quente. Ce profil arrondi contribue \u00e0 une meilleure r\u00e9partition des contraintes, r\u00e9duisant ainsi le risque d'endommagement du filetage au fil du temps. On retrouve fr\u00e9quemment ces filetages dans des applications l\u00e9g\u00e8res, comme les attelages ferroviaires, o\u00f9 la durabilit\u00e9 est primordiale.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Fils de contrefort<\/span><\/h3>\n

Les filetages \u00e0 contreforts sont utilis\u00e9s dans les applications o\u00f9 la force s'exerce principalement dans une seule direction. Ils offrent une r\u00e9sistance \u00e9lev\u00e9e et une excellente capacit\u00e9 de charge. Ils sont particuli\u00e8rement utiles dans les presses hydrauliques et autres \u00e9quipements hydrauliques o\u00f9 une force axiale importante est fr\u00e9quente.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

La conception asym\u00e9trique des filets \u00e0 contreforts leur permet de supporter efficacement des charges importantes, sans compromettre leur int\u00e9grit\u00e9 structurelle. Ces filets sont souvent choisis pour les machines lourdes n\u00e9cessitant une transmission de force unidirectionnelle.<\/span><\/p>\n

Filetages coniques<\/span><\/h3>\n

Les filetages coniques sont con\u00e7us pour assurer une \u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 parfaite et sont couramment utilis\u00e9s en tuyauterie et plomberie. Le profil conique s'ins\u00e8re dans le filetage correspondant lors du serrage, cr\u00e9ant ainsi une \u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 optimale. De ce fait, les filetages coniques sont id\u00e9aux pour les applications haute pression o\u00f9 l'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 est absolument indispensable. Ils sont largement utilis\u00e9s dans les syst\u00e8mes de gaz et de fluides.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fils de ver<\/span><\/h3>\n

Les filetages \u00e0 vis sans fin sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement utilis\u00e9s dans les engrenages pour convertir un mouvement de rotation en mouvement lin\u00e9aire. Leur structure h\u00e9lico\u00efdale, en interaction avec une roue \u00e0 vis sans fin, assure un contr\u00f4le pr\u00e9cis du mouvement. Ils sont ainsi parfaitement adapt\u00e9s aux m\u00e9canismes de levage hydrauliques et aux syst\u00e8mes de direction automobile, o\u00f9 la pr\u00e9cision du mouvement est essentielle.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Les filetages \u00e0 vis sans fin sont essentiels pour les syst\u00e8mes n\u00e9cessitant une r\u00e9duction de la vitesse et une augmentation du couple, offrant un avantage m\u00e9canique significatif.<\/span><\/p>\n

Normes et classifications des filetages<\/span><\/h2>\n

La compr\u00e9hension des normes de filetage est cruciale, surtout dans l'environnement mondialis\u00e9 actuel o\u00f9 les projets internationaux sont courants.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Types de filetages de base et normes internationales<\/h3>\n

a) Fils de fixation g\u00e9n\u00e9raux<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Type de fil<\/strong><\/td>\nNorme internationale\/r\u00e9gionale<\/strong><\/td>\nApplications typiques<\/strong><\/td>\nCaract\u00e9ristiques principales<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
UNC\/UNF<\/strong><\/td>\nASME B1.1 (\u00c9tats-Unis)<\/td>\nMachines nord-am\u00e9ricaines, pi\u00e8ces automobiles<\/td>\nFiletages grossiers (UNC) et fins (UNF), id\u00e9aux pour les environnements \u00e0 fortes vibrations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Filetages m\u00e9triques<\/strong><\/td>\nISO 68-1 (Global)<\/td>\nMachines et \u00e9lectronique europ\u00e9ennes\/asiatiques<\/td>\nFiletages m\u00e9triques, mesur\u00e9s en millim\u00e8tres (ex.\u00a0: M6, M12)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BSPP\/BSPT<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\nISO 228-1 (Parall\u00e8le)\/ISO 7-1 (Continu)<\/td>\nSyst\u00e8mes hydrauliques europ\u00e9ens, raccords de tuyauterie<\/td>\nLe BSPP n\u00e9cessite des joints toriques, le BSPT est auto-\u00e9tanche.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NPT\/NPTF<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\nASME B1.20.1 (\u00c9tats-Unis)<\/td>\nTuyauterie nord-am\u00e9ricaine, syst\u00e8mes hydrauliques<\/td>\nFiletage conique, NPTF (joint sec) offre une meilleure \u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

b) Fils sp\u00e9ciaux<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Type de fil<\/strong><\/td>\nNorme internationale<\/strong><\/td>\nDomaines d'application<\/strong><\/td>\nCaract\u00e9ristiques techniques<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
MJ Threads<\/strong><\/td>\nISO 5855-2 (A\u00e9rospatiale)<\/td>\n\u00c9l\u00e9ments de fixation a\u00e9rospatiaux (boulons, \u00e9crous)<\/td>\nConception \u00e0 racine arrondie, haute r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la fatigue, n\u00e9cessite des outils sp\u00e9ciaux<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Trap\u00e8ze ACME<\/strong><\/td>\nASME B1.5 (\u00c9tats-Unis)<\/td>\nMachines lourdes (v\u00e9rins, vis sans fin)<\/td>\nProfil trap\u00e9zo\u00efdal, adapt\u00e9 aux charges \u00e9lev\u00e9es et aux mouvements bidirectionnels<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fils UNJ<\/strong><\/td>\nNAS 1591 (A\u00e9rospatiale, \u00c9tats-Unis)<\/td>\nStructures d'a\u00e9ronefs, composants soumis \u00e0 de fortes contraintes<\/td>\nRacine arrondie, r\u00e9sistance accrue aux fissures, conforme \u00e0 la norme MIL-STD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PG Threads<\/strong><\/td>\nDIN 40430 (Allemagne)<\/td>\npresse-\u00e9toupes pour c\u00e2bles \u00e9lectriques<\/a><\/td>\nFiletage m\u00e9trique pour l'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 \u00e0 l'eau et \u00e0 la poussi\u00e8re<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Comparaison des normes de filetage pour tuyaux et syst\u00e8mes hydrauliques<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nom standard<\/strong><\/td>\nR\u00e9gion<\/strong><\/td>\nType de fil<\/strong><\/td>\nM\u00e9thode de scellement<\/strong><\/td>\nPlage de pression typique<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
ISO 1179<\/strong><\/td>\nMondial<\/td>\nBSPP (s\u00e9rie G)<\/td>\nFiletage parall\u00e8le + joint torique<\/td>\n\u226440 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SAE J514<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\nAm\u00e9rique du Nord<\/td>\nConicit\u00e9 JIC 37\u00b0<\/td>\nJoint conique m\u00e9tal sur m\u00e9tal<\/td>\n\u226470 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DIN 2353<\/strong><\/td>\nEurope<\/td>\nConicit\u00e9 \u00e0 24\u00b0 (s\u00e9rie DKO)<\/td>\nJoint d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 \u00e0 compression<\/td>\n\u226463 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
JIS B0203<\/strong><\/td>\nJapon<\/td>\nPT (effil\u00e9)<\/td>\nSimilaire \u00e0 la BSPT, n\u00e9cessite un ruban d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9<\/td>\n\u226430 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Normes de filetage pour les \u00e9quipements de construction et de s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nom standard<\/strong><\/td>\nSc\u00e9narios d'application<\/strong><\/td>\nType de fil<\/strong><\/td>\nExigences cl\u00e9s<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
EN 13564-1<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00c9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 des b\u00e2timents (clapets anti-retour)<\/td>\nS\u00e9rie BSPP\/G<\/td>\nMat\u00e9riaux r\u00e9sistants \u00e0 la corrosion, essais de pression statique<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EN 362<\/strong><\/td>\nConnecteurs antichute (\u00e9quipement de s\u00e9curit\u00e9)<\/td>\nConception de portail \u00e0 fermeture automatique<\/td>\nR\u00e9sistance statique \u2265 15 kN, r\u00e9sistance au brouillard salin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ASME A120<\/strong><\/td>\ntuyauterie de protection incendie<\/td>\nNPT<\/td>\nRev\u00eatement ignifuge, tests d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 haute pression<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Choisir le bon fil pour votre application<\/span><\/h2>\n

Chaque sc\u00e9nario met en \u00e9vidence un type de fil diff\u00e9rent, son profil et le mat\u00e9riau appropri\u00e9, vous aidant ainsi \u00e0 faire un choix \u00e9clair\u00e9 qui garantit \u00e0 la fois stabilit\u00e9 et efficacit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/span><\/h2>\n

Threads might be small, but their impact is colossal. Whether you’re an engineer, a technician, or someone who loves to tinker, understanding the different types of threads and their applications will give you a solid foundation for making informed choices\u2014and maybe even impress a colleague at the next design meeting. So next time you see a screw, look beyond the twisted piece of metal. See the thought, the design, and the potential held within that simple spiral.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Have you ever found yourself wondering why a nut is not fitting into the bolt? What does\u00a0that spiral pattern on the\u00a0bolt mean? Threads are the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTypes of Threads: A Comprehensive Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/fr\/types-de-fils\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Types of Threads: A Comprehensive Guide\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Have you ever found yourself wondering why a nut is not fitting into the bolt? 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