{"id":13654,"date":"2024-06-30T06:49:38","date_gmt":"2024-06-30T06:49:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/?p=13654"},"modified":"2025-12-23T03:17:23","modified_gmt":"2025-12-23T03:17:23","slug":"calcoli-e-formule-idrauliche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/it\/hydraulic-calculations-and-formulas\/","title":{"rendered":"Calcoli e formule idrauliche"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How to Select The Proper <a href=\"\/hydraulic-pump\/\">Hydraulic Pump<\/a> and <a href=\"\/ac-motor\/\">Electric Motor<\/a> for Your System <a href=\"\/hydraulic-pump\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-13659\" src=\"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/cr_t_29.01__l_6.2__w_49.5__h_49.jpg\" alt=\"gear pump\" width=\"741\" height=\"494\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/cr_t_29.01__l_6.2__w_49.5__h_49.jpg 1267w, https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/cr_t_29.01__l_6.2__w_49.5__h_49-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 741px) 100vw, 741px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The matching of<a href=\"\/hydraulic-pump\/\"> hydraulic pumps<\/a> and <a href=\"\/dc-motor\/\">motors<\/a> is extremely critical in hydraulic systems. Excellent hydraulic system depends on efficient and stable hydraulic pump and motor combination.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When properly configuring hydraulic pumps and motors, a number of factors need to be carefully considered.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Main Formula\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The selection process involves determining the hydraulic pump specifications and calculating the motor power based on the working pressure and flow rate,\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">following the formula<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">P = (p \u00d7 Q) \/ 60<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">where P represents the motor power (kW), p is the working pressure of the hydraulic pump (MPa), and Q is the output flow rate of the hydraulic pump (L\/min). This process is demonstrated in the following example.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Example Analysis:\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is known that the hydraulic pump displacement of 136 ml\/rev, the motor speed of 970 r \/ min, the maximum working pressure of the system is 12 MPa. We calculate the output flow of the hydraulic pump and the required motor power.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calculate the output flow rate of the hydraulic pump:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #ff6600;\">Pump output flow rate Q = Displacement q \u00d7 Speed n = 136 ml\/rev \u00d7 970 r\/min = 131920 ml\/min = 131.92 L\/min.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calculate the power required by the system: First, calculate the theoretical power <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">N = (p \u00d7 Q) \/ 60 = (12 MPa \u00d7 131.92 L\/min) \/ 60 \u2248 26.38 kW<\/span> based on the maximum working pressure of the system and the output flow rate of the pump.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In practice, considering the operating efficiency of the hydraulic pump (usually between 70% and 85%), the motor should be selected slightly larger to ensure stable operation of the system at full load. Assuming a safety factor of 1.15, the required motor power <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">ND = 26.38 kW \u00d7 1.15 \u2248 30.33 kW.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selection of motor: According to the calculation, a motor close to 30.33 kW is selected, and a 30 kW motor is a more appropriate choice. For actual selection, it is also necessary to refer to the motor manual to ensure that the rated power, speed, voltage and other parameters of the motor meet the system requirements.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Points of Attention in Calculation<\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the calculation, it should be based on the actual work of the hydraulic system flow and pressure, to ensure that the motor selection close to the actual working conditions, in order\u00a0 to avoid too large a waste of energy or too small to affect the performance of the system.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another formula, <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">P = Q \u00d7 p \/ 612,<\/span> is also valid, but note that the pressure unit in this formula is kgf\/cm\u00b2. <\/span>When converting, 1 MPa \u2248 10.197 kgf\/cm\u00b2, make sure the units are the same before calculating, the result will be similar to the previous formula, but need to be adjusted to match the different pressure units.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How to calculate hydraulic cylinder pressure: thrust and tension?<\/span><\/h1>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Main Formula<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-13657\" src=\"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/cylinder.jpg\" alt=\"cylinder\" width=\"454\" height=\"243\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The force formula: <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">F = PS<\/span> (P: pressure; S: pressurized area)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From the above formula, it can be seen that the force generated is different due to the different pressurized area of the cylinder when making push and pull, i.e.:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pushing force <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">F1 = P\u00d7\u03c0(D\/2)\u00b2 = P\u00d7\u03c0\/4*D\u00b2<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pulling force <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">F2 = P\u00d7\u03c0[(D\/2)\u00b2-(d\/2)\u00b2] = P\u00d7\u03c0\/4* (D\u00b2-d\u00b2)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(\u03c6D: cylinder bore; d: piston rod diameter)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In practical applications, it is also necessary to add a loading rate \u03b2. Because the force generated by the cylinder will not be used 100% for pushing or pulling, \u03b2 is often selected 0.8, so the formula becomes:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pushing force <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">F1 = 0.8 x P x \u03c0\/4 x D\u00b2<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pulling force\u00a0 <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">F2 = 0.8\u00d7P\u00d7\u03c0\/4\u00d7(D\u00b2-d\u00b2)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From the above formula, we can see that as long as we know the inner diameter of the cylinder \u03c6D and piston diameter \u03c6d and the pressure P (generally a constant), we can calculate the force that can be generated by this type of cylinder.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Example analysis:\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Commonly used standard column hydraulic cylinder P value can withstand pressure to 140kgf\/cm2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Assumptions: cylinder bore D = 100mm live rod diameter d = 56mm. note that the diameter of the unit calculation needs to be reduced to cm.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Then:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Thrust F1 = P\u00d7\u03c0D\u00b2\/4\u00d70.8 = 140\u00d7\u03c0\u00d710\u00b2\/4\u00d70.8 \u2248 8796(kgf);\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Tension F2 = P\u00d7\u03c0(D\u00b2-d\u00b2)\/4\u00d70.8 = 140\u00d7\u03c0(10\u00b2-5.6\u00b2)\u00d70.8 \u2248 6037(kgf)<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Data tables for quick reference<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0The following table shows operation pressures according to the diameter of the cylinder<\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13656\" src=\"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/theoretical.jpg\" alt=\"theoretical\" width=\"2022\" height=\"866\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/theoretical.jpg 2022w, https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/theoretical-768x329.jpg 768w, https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/theoretical-1536x658.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2022px) 100vw, 2022px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d0d4d7\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d0d4d7;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19456 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/products.avif\" alt=\"products\" width=\"650\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/products.avif 650w, https:\/\/hydraflu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/products-18x12.avif 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How to Select The Proper Hydraulic Pump and Electric Motor for Your System The matching of hydraulic pumps and motors is extremely critical in hydraulic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13655,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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